Bonds



. s.. R. DUMMER. Bonds', Notes, and vother Evidencias'.vofWralue..`

10.225,748. Patented Mr'. .23, 1880.

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fraudulent holders, in order that by thus de- .and State of New York, have invented a new UNITED STATES' PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL n. DUMMER, oF NEW BRIGHTON, NEW vonk.

BONDS, NOTES, AND OTHER EVIDENCES OF VALUE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 225,748, 'dated March 23, 1880.

Application filed October 3, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL R. DUMMER, of New Brighton, in the county of Richmond and useful Improvement in Bonds, Notes, and other Evidences of Value, of which the following is a specification.

It is well known that government bonds, bank-notes, certificates of stock, railway and other tickets-in fine, almost all papers or parchment indicia, or evidences of value-are numbered consecutively, or have printed upon their faces certain iigures, letters, words, or designs, by which they are identified and in accordance with which they are paid by the parties who have issued them or agreed to pay them. It is also notorious that these identifying-marks have frequently been changed by stroying the identity of the paper they may obtain the same to be cashed when otherwise this would not be done. This has been of repeated occurrence in the case of lost and of stolen bonds, which, by reason of due notice of their loss, would not have been paid had not the original identifying-marks been altered.

lt is the object of this invention to guard theidentifyingmarks above referred to in such a way that they cannot be changed so as to avoid detection Without great difficulty; and to this end the invention consists in covering the identifying-marks, whether numbers, letters, or designs, previously placed, by printing or otherwise, upon the body of the paper, with a coating of transparent or semi-transparent size, and printing upon such coating a-design which cannot be readily restored when once wholly or partially removed.

In carrying out this invention the identifying-marks are printed or written upon any kind of paper or parchment adapted for the purpose for which it is to be used. These marks may be printed in inks of any desired color, but should be of' sufficient size and distinctness to be easily read through the coating of size and the design which is printed over them. For this reason they should be printed in colors to contrast with that of the coating of size, if it be tinted, and with that of the superimposed design. Marks gilded in the usual way are readily seen, and as they are protected from wear and dirt by the covering of' size will always remain fresh and bright. When these marks, after being printed, have become dry a coating of size is applied over them. This may be put on with a brush or in any convenient way, and may, and preferably should, cover the paper between and immediately adjacent to the marks. It is preferred that the size used for this purpose should be insoluble in water, and consequently unaected by moisture.

A good insoluble size may be prepared by dissolving in water about sixty parts of shellac, twenty-five parts of phosphate of soda, and iifteen parts of boraX. This will give a size which, when laid upon the paper and dried, will be free from an excess of gloss, and upon which designs in ordinary printing-ink or any colored inks can be readily impressed.

The above proportions may be considerably varied from, and produce substantially the same results.

After the coating of size has become dry the design may be printed upon it. This design may be printed at the same time and from the same plate as the main body of the bond or other representative of value, and in any kind of ink, preferably, however, in oily ink, which is difficult of removal. The superimposed design must be suflieiently open, so that the marks beneath it will be readily apparent, and may be of any desired form or representation, but preferably should be of nice and finished workmanship, so that it cannot be easily counterfeited.

This invention as applied to a railway or other ticket is illust-rated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l shows simply the number of the ticket Fig. 2, the number covered with a coatin g of size, which is represented by dotted lines; and Fig. 3, the finished ticket, in which the design is printed over the numbers and the coating of size.

A bond or other representative of value, when treated as above vdescribed and shown, has its identifyin g-marks protected or guarded from interference by a coating of insoluble transparent or semi-transparent size, and also by a design printed upon such coating of size.

It is apparent that such marks cannot be IOOV reached to be altered unless both the design and the coating of size which overlie them are removed, and when this is done the size and design must bey skillfully reproduced in order that the fraud may not be detected, which Will be more or less difficult, according to the quality of the superimposed design and the size. To render such reproduction more difficult the size may be tinted by mixing with it any desired pigment which will give it a shade to contrast Wi th the color of the mark beneath, and preferably Withthe design above it.

Instead of using an insoluble size, as above described, the identifying-marks may be covered With a soluble size, which can readily be made by dissolving` starch, gum-arabic, gelatine, or other similar' substance in Water. This solution may be applied in the same way as the insoluble size and the design printed upon it; but in this case, when it is attempted to reach the protected marks by removing the design and size by washing with Water or other iiuid, the soluble coating of size Will becomeloosened and detached from the paper and carry the superimposed design with it. It is, however, preferred to use the insoluble coating for this purpose, inasmuch as itis not liable to be affected by atmospheric moisture or by any accidental wetting which might affect a soluble coating and give to the design the appearance of having been talnpered with. In either case, however, the object of this invention-viz., the protecting of any marks, whether numbers,let ters, or designs, by covering them with a coating of size on Which is printed a design so that the marks remain visible, but can not be reached for alteration or otherwise without removing both the design and the coating of size, which cannot be easily reproduced so as to escape deteotion-is fully attained.

This invention is not limited to protecting, in the Way described, simply numbers or letters which may denote the consecutive or serial order of the issue of the paper on which they are placed, and thus constitute convenient marks for the identification of such paper, but it may be advantageously applied to any printing, Writing, or mark placed upon the paper and protected by an overlying coating of size and a superimposed design.

What is claimed isl. A paper or parchment evidence or representative of value having its identifying-numbers, letters, or other marks covered with a coating of transparent or semi-transparent insoluble size, upon Which is printed a design, substantiallyas andfor the purpose described.

2. A paper or parchment evidence or representative of value having its identifying numbers, letters, or other marks covered With a coating of transparent or semi -transparent soluble size, upon which is printed a design` substantially as and for the purpose described.

SAML. It. DUMMER.

Witnesses BENJ. A. SMITH, ROBERT H. DUNCAN. 

